CTFA(Coalition for Tobacco Free Armenia) is Armenian non-gocernmental organization. CTFA aims at improving health of public thruogh reduction of smoking-attributable morbidity, disability and mortality and promotion of healthy non-smoking lifestyle in Armenia.
The major activities of CTFA are conference, talk-show on tobacco advertisement, and so on.
Any organization interested in the anti-tobaccco movement and which has not recieved any support from local or interenational tobacco industry is eligible to join CTFA.
2007年5月23日水曜日
The role of smoking
The incidence of lung cancer is highly correlated with smoking. Source:NIH.
Smoking, particularly of cigarettes, is by far the main contributor to lung cancer, which at least in theory makes it one of the easiest diseases to prevent. In the United States, smoking is estimated to account for 87% of lung cancer cases (90% in men and 79% in women), and in the UK for 90%. Cigarette smoke contains 19 known carcinogens including radioisotopes from the radon decay sequence, nitrosamine, and benzopyrene. Additionally, nicotine appears to depress the immune response to malignant growths in exposed tissue. The length of time a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked increases the person's chances of developing lung cancer. If a person stops smoking, these chances steadily decrease as damage to the lungs is repaired and contaminant particles are gradually vacated. More recent work has shown that, across the developed world, almost 90% of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking. In addition, there is evidence that lung cancer in never-smokers has a better prognosis than in smokers, and that patients who smoke at the time of diagnosis have shorter survival than those who have quit.Passive smoking—the inhalation of smoke from another's smoking— is claimed to be a cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. Studies from the USA (1986, 1992,1997,2001, 2003), Europe (1998), the UK (1998), and Australia (1997) have consistently shown a significant increase in relative risk among those exposed to passive smoke.
In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) claimed that about 3,000 lung cancer-related deaths a year were caused by passive smoking. However, since this report was based on a study that was alleged to be heavily biased and was ruled by a federal judge to be "unscientific", the EPA report was declared null and void by a federal judge in 1998.
Smoking, particularly of cigarettes, is by far the main contributor to lung cancer, which at least in theory makes it one of the easiest diseases to prevent. In the United States, smoking is estimated to account for 87% of lung cancer cases (90% in men and 79% in women), and in the UK for 90%. Cigarette smoke contains 19 known carcinogens including radioisotopes from the radon decay sequence, nitrosamine, and benzopyrene. Additionally, nicotine appears to depress the immune response to malignant growths in exposed tissue. The length of time a person continues to smoke as well as the amount smoked increases the person's chances of developing lung cancer. If a person stops smoking, these chances steadily decrease as damage to the lungs is repaired and contaminant particles are gradually vacated. More recent work has shown that, across the developed world, almost 90% of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking. In addition, there is evidence that lung cancer in never-smokers has a better prognosis than in smokers, and that patients who smoke at the time of diagnosis have shorter survival than those who have quit.Passive smoking—the inhalation of smoke from another's smoking— is claimed to be a cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. Studies from the USA (1986, 1992,1997,2001, 2003), Europe (1998), the UK (1998), and Australia (1997) have consistently shown a significant increase in relative risk among those exposed to passive smoke.
In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) claimed that about 3,000 lung cancer-related deaths a year were caused by passive smoking. However, since this report was based on a study that was alleged to be heavily biased and was ruled by a federal judge to be "unscientific", the EPA report was declared null and void by a federal judge in 1998.
(Wikipedia "lung cancer")
Secondhand Smoke
As we know, secondhand smoke is one of problems of smoking.
Though people don't intend to smoke, they inhale smoke unconsciously and it affects their health.
For example...
・Secondhand smoke exposure has immediate adverse effects on the cardiovascular system and causes coronary heart disease.
・Secondhand smoke is estimated to cause from 22,700 to 69,600 premature deaths from heart desease each year in the United States among nonsmokers.
・Nonsmokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke at home or at work increase their risk of developing heart disease by 25–30%.
"Secondhand Smoke." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Department of Health and Humen Services. 23 May 2007.
<http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/secondhand_smoke/index.htm>
Though people don't intend to smoke, they inhale smoke unconsciously and it affects their health.
For example...
・Secondhand smoke exposure has immediate adverse effects on the cardiovascular system and causes coronary heart disease.
・Secondhand smoke is estimated to cause from 22,700 to 69,600 premature deaths from heart desease each year in the United States among nonsmokers.
・Nonsmokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke at home or at work increase their risk of developing heart disease by 25–30%.
"Secondhand Smoke." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Department of Health and Humen Services. 23 May 2007
<http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/secondhand_smoke/index.htm>
my opinion
When I watched the news that smoking was banned in taxi, I heard some people said this regulation was too strict for smoker. According to them, they have the right to smoke and it is free to smoke in taxi.
However, as Kaoru said there are movements against all over the world now and it seems that other countries are more strict about smoking than Japan.
I think Japanese government is still behind in smoking.
So I think it' necessary to do such regulation and I think we should make law which is related to smoking.
However, as Kaoru said there are movements against all over the world now and it seems that other countries are more strict about smoking than Japan.
I think Japanese government is still behind in smoking.
So I think it' necessary to do such regulation and I think we should make law which is related to smoking.
2007年5月17日木曜日
introduction
Smoking is not only bad for your own health, but it also affects people around you. When people inhale smoke which smokers make, it is called "Hukuryuen", it causes much more damage than those people who smoke.
Lately, it is decided that smoking is banned in all taxis in Nagoya, Oita, and so on. It is a bad news for smokers, and good news for non-smokers. The question is, is it really neccessary to do a regulation like this?
Lately, it is decided that smoking is banned in all taxis in Nagoya, Oita, and so on. It is a bad news for smokers, and good news for non-smokers. The question is, is it really neccessary to do a regulation like this?
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